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National Froebel Foundation
The National Froebel Foundation (NFF) was a foundation which validated examinations and set standards for teaching training courses at kindergarten level in the United Kingdom. Named after German educator Friedrich Froebel,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History )〕 it began in two separate bodies; the Froebel Society of 1874 and the National Froebel Union of 1887.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=National Froebel Foundation Archive )〕 In 1938 the two merged to form the National Froebel Foundation, which eventually dissolved in 1975, and was replaced by the Froebel Trust. Although it was based in the UK, Froebelians were welcome to join from all over the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=National Froebel Union )〕
==Froebel Society==
Professor Joseph Payne and Caroline Bishop are credited with founding the London Froebel Society. It was started in 1874 with Adelaide Manning amongst the early members. Caroline Bishop was advising the School board on the use of Kindergarten methods and Manning presented a paper on the same subject. The following year the society became national.〔Gillian Sutherland, ‘Manning, (Elizabeth) Adelaide (1828–1905)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2007 (accessed 26 July 2015 )〕
Its first President was Beata Doreck (1833–1875), an educationist from Mannheim Emily Shirreff was elected President in 1876, and continued for the rest of her life; she died in 1895. Later, in 1932, John Howard Whitehouse was President.
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